Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers

Viral hemorrhagic fevers are caused by several distinct families of viruses. The term is used to describe severe syndromes that affect multiple organ systems in the body, causing the body to be unable to regulate itself properly. The illnesses usually are accompanied by hemorrhagic bleeding. The most well known viral hemorrhagic fever is the Ebola virus.

Viral hemorrhagic fevers are found worldwide, but because each virus is associated with one or more particular host species, the virus and the disease it causes are usually seen only where the host species live(s). An increase in international travel can lead to the viruses being introduced in areas of the world where they have never been seen.

Symptoms of viral hemorrhagic fevers can differ, but generally include:

• Fever
• Fatigue
• Dizziness
• Muscle aches
• Loss of strength
• Exhaustion

 In severe cases, symptoms can include:

• Bleeding under the skin, in internal organs or from orifices
• Shock
• Nervous system malfunction
• Coma
• Delirium
• Seizure
• Renal failure

The viruses are initially spread to humans through contact with an infected animal or its feces, urine, saliva or blood. They are spread from human to human through close contact with an infected person and their fluids, or through indirect contact, such as touching an infected surface and then touching the eyes, nose or mouth.

The initial symptoms of viral hemorrhagic fevers can occur between two and 21 days after exposure.

Anti-viral drugs can be administered to those ill with viral hemorrhagic fevers, along with rest, fluids and other supportive care. Many of the viruses cause severe, life-threatening illnesses. 

For more information online, you can visit the Centers for Disease Control at http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvrd/spb/mnpages/dispages/vhf.htm

Or, for more information, please call the Health Department at 859.363.2070.